1657+C.E.+to+1788+C.E.

 **__1657-1686 __** -England and France used pirates as protectors for the Caribbean islands; this would require no fleets from Europe. French pirates, on Tortuga would rarely hit the ships that headed towards French Hispaniola. Jamaica's governor invited pirates to stay in Port Royal rather than Tortuga in 1657. This got rid of the Spanish, and protected the island from future invasions.

-The second Anglo- Dutch war began in 1665, France and England make a move towards Hispaniola and Tortuga. Three Dutch islands fell under British attacks, Saba, Tobago and St. Eustatius. Frenchman, D'Ogeron was even told to remove the pirates that he had in their territories and establish farms on Hispaniola. His successors weren't capable of keeping unwanted settlers out, and piracy proceeded. English pirates won many victories, but were afraid to attack the Dutch on Curacao. In 1666 they began to include Spanish Ships. The French took the lead in war. The British were forced to give up islands and eventually got them back with the Treaty of Breda. Spain and England fought in the Caribbean until the 1670 Treaty of Madrid. Spain Noticed Britain's territories and respected it.

-British and French wanted to dispose of the Dutch and a third Anglo-Dutch war began due to the Dutch trade monopoly. In 1672 the British left from fighting, and tension between French and Dutch continued. They both worked hard to take Caribbean islands from each other. The war ended in 1678, they used the terms of the Treaty of Nijmegen to be able to divide up the islands. 1648 the Bahamas cleared of pirates and only lasted two years. The period of relative peace kept things in order, but not for long. Individual islands continued to fight their own battles.

-Victories by France led to the war in the Caribbean. Troops were taking Britain’s land and devastating St. Eustatius. The French pirates on Hispaniola and the British on Tortola were often found involved in the fights. -The French victories on the British islands were supported by Irish Catholics. 1690 was when the British victories began; they retook St. Kitts and sent all the French back to Hispaniola.
 * __1688-1788  __**

-1691 and 1693 Governor Codrington tried two offensive measures in war, invading Guadeloupe and later on Martinique. He did not complete this because of spreading of diseases.

-Nine Years’ War began and became a major conflict that disrupted the lives of the islanders throughout colonial history.  -The 18th century brought about a turning point in Caribbean history when slavery was brought to the islands. European importers demanded high quantities of sugar, the product of sugarcane, which grew easily in the Caribbean's temperate weather.

-The average life expectancy for an imported slave was only seven years, but many died within the first year after they arrived. The “seasoning", as it was called, was a time of brutal adjustment for the new slaves, they were forced to adopt new cultural customs and language.

-In the 1770s, anti-slavery movements began to take shape in Europe. The Society for the Abolition of Slavery was established in 1787 to raise public awareness of the horrible treatment of slaves.  